Think Mongol Institute presents its fourth policy brief: “Mining Diversification is Critical for Mongolia’s Future”
Currently, Mongolia’s economic stability is gambling on just two volatile commodities: coal and copper, comprising an average of 77% of all mining exports in the past 5 years. Indeed, the 2025 budget was only “saved” by a surge in copper revenue, highlighting the extreme economic fragility associated with this concentration.
💡 Given this context, this policy brief offers a solution: mining diversification. With global copper deficit accelerating and Mongolia holding vast reserves of copper, uranium, and REEs, among many others, Mongolia should shift its focus to diversifying the mining sector itself. This would require dismantling barriers to investment, enforcing strict fiscal discipline, and aggressively pursuing the development of other strategic minerals.
Read the full policy brief for detailed recommendations on how Mongolia can strategically fund a more resilient economic future.
